Regarding Direct Action

Communal Riots in Bengal, 1905-1947 by Suranjan Das
Footnote:

In its editorial on Direct Action on 1 August 1947, the Asr-e-Jadid {a newspaper that supported the Muslim League} stated candidly: 'to the Muslim Direct Action means a fight and a fight implies violence', see Government of Bengal, Home Dept., Political Notes on the Causes of the Calcutta Disturbances August 1946,(Calcutta 1946; hereafter PNC), p.7;